What is required for signal transduction in T cells?

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Study for the NBME Immunology Test. Study with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question includes hints and explanations. Prepare to excel!

Multiple Choice

What is required for signal transduction in T cells?

Explanation:
Signal transduction in T cells relies on the CD3 signaling complex associated with the T-cell receptor. The TCR recognizes peptide-MHC, but the actual intracellular signal is carried by CD3, which contains ITAMs. When the TCR engages antigen, Lck phosphorylates these ITAMs, creating docking sites for ZAP-70 and kickstarting downstream pathways (LAT, NFAT, NF-κB, AP-1) that lead to T cell activation. Co-stimulation via CD28 enhances and sustains activation but is not strictly required for the initial signal transduction. CD4 helps by bringing Lck to the complex during MHC II recognition, but is not essential for signaling itself. CD19 has no role in T cell signaling.

Signal transduction in T cells relies on the CD3 signaling complex associated with the T-cell receptor. The TCR recognizes peptide-MHC, but the actual intracellular signal is carried by CD3, which contains ITAMs. When the TCR engages antigen, Lck phosphorylates these ITAMs, creating docking sites for ZAP-70 and kickstarting downstream pathways (LAT, NFAT, NF-κB, AP-1) that lead to T cell activation. Co-stimulation via CD28 enhances and sustains activation but is not strictly required for the initial signal transduction. CD4 helps by bringing Lck to the complex during MHC II recognition, but is not essential for signaling itself. CD19 has no role in T cell signaling.

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